Our television promotions often tout the ­In-Fisherman staff as the most seasoned and best-traveled editorial staff in all outdoors—and, frankly, that sounds a lot better than saying we’re the oldest editorial staff surviving.

The miles have all been hard won, to be sure. Over 30 years of TV work, always traveling to try and film three different fish species from three different parts of the country for each show. Too, we just don’t travel to catch bass and a few other species, but everything that swims, including crappies. Meanwhile, our travels to do magazine work have been just as far reaching as anything we’ve done to get television footage.

So we’ve seen a lot of water from one side of North America to the other; and we also have a lot of trusted friends who extend that reach even more. Here are things to consider when it comes to traveling to get in on great crappie fishing.

Be Ready for the Unexpected Bite

Sometimes super crappie catches come as a surprise, even rewarding the unprepared. Editor Steve Quinn will never forget the image of sail-like dorsals carving the surface of a quiet cove on Quabbin Reservoir in Massachusetts. He’d been fishing the shallows for bass, but the huge black-and-gold flanks redirected his attention to the center of the bay.

With no panfish tackle aboard, he enticed several monsters with a #375 A.C. Shiner and a 1/4-ounce Bass Buster spinnerbait. The rest of the school, all well over two pounds, meandered back into the depths. Today, Quabbin remains outstanding and underfished for crappie. It’s closed to fishing during winter, and access is limited to a few areas. A 25 hp limit means parts of this 25,000-acre impoundment are rarely visited.

Heavy Harvest Hurts

For years, Editor Matt Straw has pursued big panfish on waters across the U.S. and Canada. Yet his most memorable catch came years ago at a small lake in Michigan. “Though we lived in the city,” Straw relates, “we had a cabin on a lake in central Michigan where Dad and I would fish. When I was about 10, he built a wooden boat and was eager to try it out. We launched and anchored by a fallen tree, pitching bobbers and minnows into a likely looking fork in its branches. The bobber would sit for a few long seconds, then slowly be pulled down into the tree.

“Every cast produced a crappie, each one bigger than the last, until Dad pulled in one that we later measured at over 18 inches. We didn’t know anything about state records for fish like crappies. And we knew nothing of catch-and-release either, back in 1963. The 18-inch crappie was fried for dinner, like all the others we caught that day.

“Crappies no longer thrive in that lake,” Straw says. “Nobody catches much there at all. And I can’t help thinking that, knowingly or not, my father and I played some part in the demise of that fishery. I’m sure this sad tale has played out on countless small waters across the northern states.

“In the Brainerd, Minnesota area, anglers to this day seem unwilling to release 11- to 13-inch fish, which have become infrequent catches. Heavy fishing pressure by skilled anglers and their reluctance to release big ones has made it lots tougher to find big crappies in area lakes.”

Today, prime waters exist where few anglers live—part of Northwest Ontario and remote areas of northern states. As we’ve pointed out, northern crappies can get nearly as big as their southern cousins; it just takes them longer. And the longer it takes, the more likely someone will catch and keep the fish before it reaches massive proportions.

For that reason, private waters today offer some of the best opportunities for fast fishing and big crappies. ­In-Fisherman contributor Roger Bullock of Greenbrier, Arkansas, advises: “Get to know farmers or landowners who have large fishing lakes on their property.

“When asking for permission to fish, mention that you’ll release all or most of your catch, according to their wishes. Some owners would appreciate a few fish for themselves, and they’re even happier if you’ve already filleted them. Be careful not to litter or damage anything. Most importantly, tell no one when you find a real winner.”

Pay Attention to Seasonal Aspects

Roger Gant, a veteran crappie guide and tournament angler, fishes the Southeast region from his base in Corinth, Mississippi. He suggests that anglers interested in catching the biggest crappie focus on the winter bite. “Everyone likes to fish in the spring,” Gant says, “and many big fish are caught then, particularly during the Prespawn Period. But in spring, even the best spots contain a mix of sizes, as males and females, young and old, feed and prepare to spawn in specific locations.

“During winter, on the other hand, the biggest fish tend to stack on specific types of structure. I know lots of spots on the reservoirs I fish. But I can also look at a map of another lake and select likely locations. The channels of larger secondary creeks are prime spots, with the big fish holding along channel bends in 20 to 35 feet of water. Work jigs slowly along stump rows or brushpiles there.”

For the traveling angler, weather plays a powerful role. The winter bite is most reliable, as crappies typically group in deeper areas in the lower end of reservoirs. Editor In Chief Doug Stange vouches for the vagaries of weather and its effects on the bite, as he regularly travels the South and Southeast in winter and spring, filming episodes for In-Fisherman Television.

“Cold conditions can make it unpleasant to fish,” Stange says, “but you can catch lots of crappies. If you visit a lake toward the end of a strong warming trend in spring, you may find incredible fishing as the prespawn bite peaks. But I can tell you from experience that your chances of predicting this timeframe and making it happen are slight.

“In spring, the advantage goes with local experts who can fish a lake regularly and stay on top of the fish, or else they can fish when conditions are prime. That’s the opportunity we have at home when the ice goes off the lakes in April. When it’s on, the spring bite is best of all, but your odds of finding at least passing good fishing are far better in winter.”

Pick Prime Waters

Other times, great catches occur with planning and good direction. A bit of luck never hurts, either, when it comes to weather conditions. After giving a presentation for the Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife some years ago, Editor Steve Quinn was invited to fish famous Kentucky Lake with Kenneth Bucy, veteran fishery technician on Kentucky Lake. His father had fished the Tennessee River and its tributaries prior to Kentucky Dam’s closure in 1944 and passed on his knowledge. Though cool, cloudy conditions kept bigger crappies off the banks and away from stakebed attractors, they found fish along channel breaks in secondary creeks, suspended in 10 to 18 feet. Adjusting tube jigs to match the sonar readout, they reported finding the plump prespawn fish easy pickings for their array of poles deployed off the bow. They tallied dozens of big fish and six over 2 pounds apiece for the day, all the biggest ones prespawn white crappies.

Crappie Hotspots

This overview is not meant to be a complete guide to the best crappie waters. They’re far too numerous and widespread to discuss here. Instead, we offer a look at two key areas that offer many excellent fishing opportunities. This model can serve as you consider other prime regions, including California, Florida, the crappie belt of the central states, and the North Country.

Lone Star Lunkers: In his travels, Doug Stange has been impressed with the numbers of good-sized crappies available at many Texas impoundments. While Lake Fork, Sam Rayburn, and Toledo Bend contain excellent populations of big black and white crappie, Stange’s found that many smaller reservoirs also contain high-quality crappie that typically are less fished than these famous waters. “Texas Parks and Wildlife Department does a great job of surveying their fish populations and making the information available to anglers on their website [tpwd.state.tx.us],” Stange says. “I’ve located several waters in different parts of the state that were rated excellent, and the fishing is indeed very good. Check out lakes like Eagle Mountain, Cypress Springs, Ray Roberts, Coffee Mill, or Richland Chambers, to name but a few.”

Mississippi Monsters: ­In-Fisherman contributor Roger Bullock has sought big crappies across the country for the last 30 years and has recognized the lunker potential of Mississippi. “Because of the well-deserved reputation of Arkabutla and Sardis lakes, they’ve become targets of intense fishing pressure from trophy hunters and tournament anglers as well as meat hogs,” he notes.

“Sardis still produces 3-pound crappie, but you may have to visit the lake several times to make that happen,” Bullock says. “The two Mississippi lakes that are presently producing most lunker crappies are Grenada and Enid. Grenada probably is the best of the best for outsized slabs. At a tournament with a 7-fish limit, the winning weight was 21.7 pounds! True 4-pounders have been verified by fishery workers and game wardens there.”

Roger Gant fishes those lakes too, as well as Pickwick Reservoir on the Tennessee River. “Pickwick is a superb crappie lake,” he says, “that’s overlooked due to the attention it gets for smallmouth. And it’s overshadowed by Kentucky Lake, which lies directly downstream. I primarily fish the north section of Pickwick, where most fish run 1 to 11⁄2 pounds, but we get plenty over 2 pounds as well. Arkabutla, in contrast, is a very fertile, dark-water lake that grows huge crappies and grows ’em fast. It’s a rare tournament where a 3-pounder isn’t weighed in,” says Gant.

“If you want loads of nice crappies but aren’t necessarily looking for a trophy, try Sardis. That reservoir has more crappies per acre than any lake I’ve ever seen. Though they have pretty fair crappie fishing in Missouri, all those folks come to Sardis in the spring.”

Conservation Concepts

“Fishing pressure is taking a toll on our lakes, though,” Gant admits. “Today’s crappie fishermen are knowledgeable and versatile. They’re rigged with hi-tech sonar and multiple poles and they cover productive structure like a combine through a wheatfield; it’s not fishing, it’s harvesting.

“I recommend reducing the daily bag limit, which stands at 30 fish here. For three anglers in a boat, that’s 90 crappie maybe weighing 150 pounds. What’s going to happen to all those fish? I’ve seen anglers clean a limit, pack ’em in a freezer in their camper, and go out to catch more. Our lakes are productive and some people say they can’t put a dent in the population. But that’s what folks said about the ocean, too.”

Calls for conservation are heard from nearly all knowledgeable crappie anglers and observers of the crappie fishing scene. Fishing success can be increased and strong year-classes prolonged by innovative regulations that match the growth rate and mortality rate of the population, while addressing the objectives and attitudes of local anglers. When fishing is hot, lower bag limits save fish and spread the catch. Moreover, they force anglers to release more fish, a regulation they find far less objectionable than they thought they would.

In Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Kansas, Texas, Missouri, Ohio, and other states where crappie rank high in popularity, length limits (usually 10 or 12 inches) have been imposed on popular spots. In Kansas, Coffey County Lake, a prime fishery, is managed with a limit of two 14-inchers per day. Though few definitive evaluations have been done, increased fishing success has generally been reported.

Panfish anglers everywhere should adopt the philosophy of selective harvest, which encourages anglers to voluntarily release the biggest crappies, while keeping a modest number of smaller fish for immediate consumption. Voluntary release has proven effective and acceptable among trout fishermen for 50 years and with bass and muskies for most of the last 25. When will crappies get their turn?

Whites or Blacks?

Few anglers clearly differentiate fishing patterns for black and white crappies. In their records, several states don’t even distinguish between them.

Only one study has compared the movement patterns of black and white crappies, done at Kentucky Lake by biologist Ryan Oster. He found major differences in the movements and preferred seasonal habitats of the two species, factors that strongly affect angling locations, methods, and success. The study provides valuable clues when fishing waters with both species.

“During the early Prespawn Period,” says Oster, “both species hold along deep creek channels and ledges over 10 feet in depth, though some fish start to move onto shallower flats as well. As early as mid-March, both species move to classic prespawn cover in water less than 5 feet deep, though whites consistently remain a bit deeper.

“During the spawn, both species occupied shallow brush and vegetation, shallow flats, and rocky banks, but black crappies were consistently shallower than whites. This differential depth preference held through the year. The typical pattern after the spawn is for anglers to leave the shallows and troll offshore breaks, where they catch lots of white crappies.

“At the same time, though, most black crappies remain shallow in the same types of cover they occupied during the spawn. To target black crappies during spring and summer, anglers should consider casting jigs or float rigs near submerged stumps and logs.”

To be most effective, crappie anglers should take a two-pronged approach, fishing shallow or deeper depending on relative species abundance and size, as well as activity levels. Biologists have been finding hybrid crappies in a growing number of waters across the U.S. Their movements and behavior have not been defined, but should be more or less intermediate between the two parental species.